Progress of Industry

Steamboats and Ships
- Robert Fulton proved the value of his smoke-belching invention the Clermont Steamboat.

Brunel's work:
- The Great Western (the first built specifically for oceanic service)
- The Great Britain (the first large iron ship in the world and the first to be screw propelled)
- The Great Eastern (the largest ship constructed in the 19th century)

Printing and Photography
- Communications were equally transformed in the 19th century
- The steam engine helped to mechanize and thus to speed up the processes of papermaking and printing
- The first photograph was taken by the French physicist J.N Niepce
- George Eastman manufactured camera and celluloid photographic film

Telegraphs and Telephones
- Electricity made possible the great innovations in communications technology
- Samuel F.B Morse device the signaling code that was later used throughout the world
- Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone
- By the end of the century, Guglielmo Marconi had transmitted messages over many miles in Britain